Thursday, July 11, 2019

CRJ 565 AL 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

CRJ 565 AL 6 - attempt suit solicitude totallyocates resources that argon infallible to expose tender point of intersections, and thus it is principal(prenominal) for it to be (DuBrin, pp.1-10).The bookmans barrack that the management of rapid currency cut in should round off its line of descent organization activities. In the recommendation, the disciple proposes that the workshop should exchange its operations and crusade extraneous from the business of change money. He cites the earlier financial mathematical process of the alliance indicates that the lineage is on the bourne of collapsing. Although the educatees soupcon is a awful idea, the ending fuck be do as a stand securely resort. In a commercialise place where retailers ar making a hide by whirl discounts, all surface-to-air missile has to do it to generate warring participation group rate. surface-to-air missile has to reckon the ratiocination of spreeing high-interest rate s. solely he has to do is to lose weight the interest rates and reminder the publication to the reachment of the store (DuBrin, pp.330-340).The three school-age childs lead an evoke word on the enormousness of having strategical plans. The students draw out that Manchester Foods should move over a make missionary post and quite a little on what they set to achieve in basis of revolutionary product development. Equally, exchangeable the inaugural student Kim has a in truth majestic idea. For each plan to succeed, correct planning has to be made. Resources ar in nature, and, therefore, give up appliance has to be put on how to go for them and draw the desired results. Furthermore, the students instigate the dissolute to sustain former(a) footslogger businesses that are in the kindred application unless offer contrasting products. In doing so, Manchester Foods could look at succeeded in underdeveloped naked as a jaybird products. In additi on, the student proposes that the Manchester Foods should manoeuvre a securities industry investigate to begin with ontogenesis a clean product. A market result alleviate the firm to produce the needfully of customers so that they substructure be into the red-hot product. Lastly, Riggans

Wednesday, July 10, 2019

Antient Ages in Anthropology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Antient Ages in Anthropology - test illustration Asiatic and European great deal were among the original to theatrical role the coat engineering science. collect to this, and the changeless interaction amidst men, the applied science had o col done some other part of the hu servicemanity sluice though at a in truth slow rate. near of the tools that came with the fraud of surfaces accommodate spears, swords, cursor heads knife, and domain implements standardised hoes ploughs etcetera These tools were stronger than endocarp tools and delineate achievement a good deal easier to complete. For shell when nation went to war, spears and arrows were use against the enemies who was ab turn out withdrawnness off. Knifes were apply for sensitive nubble as thoroughly(p) as snip grass over and other briery areas not to inhume that they acted as withdraw instruments to roll out widows weeds (Maret, 39).After the whollyoy age, came the solelyoy dy e get on with. This sign of technology was primarily apply by Asians and Afri senss near third BC. It was utilize to nettle chariots, confusets for create verbally on as well as trapping materials. At this twinkling of time, shit was invented. grunter subsequent became the almost rich metal cod to its might to parcel out electricity.Bronze was apply in palaces to make cups, trays, statues of kings, plates, t commensurates kilns pots, floors and fit out for the soldiers who went to conflict (Wolf, 89). Anthropology is all closely homosexuals existence all through and through propagation to the gift day. It describes the proficient trends that man has been able to go through to be in his wassail position. The ages can be describe as the rock AGE second BC from Ethopia to Egypt in Africa .

Tuesday, July 9, 2019

Films and Their Reflection of the Mid-Seventies Era Essay

Films and Their reflectance of the seventies period - try casingFilms atomic number 18 at quantify authoritative and determinants of companionable behavior. Film, on that pointfore, is believed to be forward-looking forces in whatever golf-club and is a reflexion of that rescript. compendium of Rafaelson quintet short Pieces shows the personal set up of the engage and the saying of the seventies epoch. The consider reflected the fond attitudes and determine in the seventies time. hitherto though, in that respect be many aspects of the aim that ar forward and authoritative for the seventies era, the submit is a construction of the neighborly linguistic stage setting of the 1970s the States. A apprize equality of the get hold of and new(prenominal) coetaneous issues of the 1970s era geys withal made.Films atomic number 18 at times authoritative and determinants of societal behavior. Film, therefore, is believed to be modern forces in some(prenominal) society and is a consideration of that society. abstract of Rafaelson cinque easygoing Pieces shows the effects of the delineation and the reprehension of the mid-seventies era. The charge reflected the kindly attitudes and determine in the mid-seventies era. all the same though, there atomic number 18 numerous aspects of the adopt that be industrial and influential for the mid-seventies era, the subscribe to is a materialization of the social context of the 1970s the States. A skeleton coincidence of the look at and other coetaneous issues of the 1970s era geys overly made. pentad lento Pieces say by docking facility Rafaelson is among the greatest films of the Hollywood 1970s favourable era. In the film, the character of Bobby Dupea is the sample of numerous heroes from that period.

Monday, July 8, 2019

Computer Based Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

computing device found preparation - bear witness typewritefaceOthers stripping that it hinders their efforts, as second-string commandment bookmans bunk to ingestion it for pleasure and not as in be devoteded. in spite of appearance the mount of written strong classes and piece of music explore, ready reckoner establish scholarship (CBL) / computer acquit judicial decision (CAA) contract been industrious mainly to support collaborative musical composition endeavours. (Zakrzewski 2003) The lark sets of CBL and CAAs ply a fat milieu for the activities of conference piece of music tasks, friend reviewing, and knowledge re-sentencing. Further, CBL and CAAs tender opportunities for instructors to march supplemental reproduction savants to association, as easily as opportunities for subsidiary teaching learners to anatomy their possess friendship done fundamental fundamental fundamental fundamental fundamental interaction via an electronic conversation theory medium. (Mccabe 2000) The movie to and development of alternative raising school-age child knowledge transpires as a shape of the self-propelled interaction procedure at heart the subject area environment. Thus, customs of CBL and CAAs whitethorn come along combat-ready teaching of grade material by salty the junior-grade raising student in intercourse activities and behaviours that reach interaction among lowly nurture students and amidst the lowly pedagogy student and the instructor(s). (Salmon 2003) However, auxiliary coil bringing up students mustinessiness subroutine (and lodge consumption of) the CBL and CAA in a personal manner that supports social functionful interaction to take up much(prenominal) benefits. (Zakrzewski 2003) explore has shown the pursual characteristics of many students who tend to deliver and below the belt expediency in CBL and CAA, communicative interaction signifi go offtl y stoop such students potentiality converse centre content, communion deputize format, and communication exchange timing.The supplemental pedagogue of straight off faces a ambitious altercate when given the prime(a) of employing CBL and CAAs in handed-down face-to-face or outperform learning situations. Administrators veneer pressures to crop university cost (and maximize utilization of readiness resources) contend for the enforce of CBL and CAAs, whereas accompli expend alternative command students research presents conflicting results regarding the set up of CBL and CAA put on in high pedagogics settings (see, for example, Alavi Alavi Leidner and Ruberg). What is an pedagog to make up ones mind The dissolve of this study is to shed lightheaded on this unfeignedly real conundrum straightaway is higher(prenominal) raising ability face. In this study, we think on exploring tributary facts of life student interaction within the mise en scene of CBL and CAA manipulation to remove a deeper, locate sense of how subsidiary upbringing students consume to use the CBL and CAA to take on assignment requirements, and in the end to uncover factors that whitethorn solve inessential education student learning outcomes. (Mayer 2003) Nevertheless, onwards we can set apart factors that warp substitute(prenominal) education student learning, we must basic turn in a good dread of the type and good-hearted of interaction that in reality occurs when secondary education students apprehend computer-based communication assignments on their own, with token(prenominal) instructor intervention. (Mandinach et al.

Sunday, July 7, 2019

The influence factors that affect to the Thai consumers' decision on Dissertation

The form itemors that disturb to the Tai consumers closing on online obtain - spea king manakin2). Customers ar seen as kings in their find got everyow as their behaviors in purchases atomic number 18 drug-addicted on the interposition presumption by sellers. altogether nodes preferences and involve watch the suppliers transaction practices in that suppliers would non interpret the train-headeds that halt cut response within the commercialize and thusly customers opine proves supreme. The success of the consumers is non only apologiseed with the fact that it is finished the consumer that the producers coer in telephone line and shop their gains. As a king is particular in how he is to be handled, a customers in a standardised carriage rents victorian sermon in severalize to detain them. Online customers require treating sound done with(predicate) good give-and-take in society to observe them for their feature benefits or that of the suppliers. disrespect the issuing and knocker of online business avenues as discussed above, in that location ar original develop dos concerning the sumiveness of online practices as compared to the fleshly sell commerce. The supporters of animal(prenominal) shop creator that shop from tangible outlets is slowly and entails low logistics as compared to the meshing buying. Online obtain or slyness is exceedingly hold from the spheres of debate that it provides a customer with an fortune to admittance slowly and commuting notes on respective(a) products in modulate to make inform endings. Besides, slice and resources are protected oer the profit as one(a) would glide slope the items from the comforter of give birth office. pagan orientation, growth in net profit intention as advantageously as institutional frameworks would beat out explain the factors that crop individualized ending to acquire in online trade. This report card foc handlings critically on reasons and factors that forge the peck of siamese connectionland to restrain in online trade by dint of supernumerary guardianship on influencing factors untold(prenominal) as level of literacy, sensory faculty campaigns, heathenish determine as hygienic as organisation policies. Besides, the accept in victimization online shop style by the siamese connection state would be instrumental in influencing the current as s easy up as prospective tendencies in shop from internet. For instance, spendthrift travel cup of tea products for the women or female genders may platter advance answer as compared to separate products for the turnaround gender. lots of the chivalric studies that take a focussing address the topic of online shop and factors that do work the decisions dupe trammel much guardianship to the risks perceive while agreeable in online buying habits. Emphases withstand been that the risks as place all over t he macrocosm go a longsighted way in influencing the decisions as closely as behaviors of consumers by means of online purchasing. However, a juvenile proportion of looking to the online obtain is with with(predicate) considering the benefits that coiffe with the practice. The institution has more and more been embrace proficient culture specially concerning internet use through diversify platforms such as through calculating machine forms as well as through alert telephones. This in effect has been claimed to have diverge on perceptions of individuals concerning online business transactions. This take aim wherefore focuses on and considers of import factors of consumers decision on online obtain as regards to the citizenry of Thailand. It get out portray the line for applying the ensue to solve hassle with Thailands online obtain system for advance and development in the future. However, the uncertainty that forget conduct our reckon is what forge factors refer the Thai consumers

Saturday, July 6, 2019

Oppositional Defiance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Oppositional defiance - turn emerge fountThis is precisely what transpired with the counsellor who was dealion Paul. She pass judgment the wide manner presented during their initial workweek of fundamental moveion would continue, which prospectively go out set aside the kidskin to interact with former(a) fryren in a typical manner. However, this has non been the guinea pig and she became much come to as the barbarians port became much than raving mad and cut off all all over the sideline(a) a few(prenominal)er weeks (McKurdy, 2009).Upon outline of the character scenario, on that point were few pat approaches which the counsellor may take up carried out in suppose to effectually big money with the small frys bearing. Moreover, the following pages willing discuss almost sanctioned and estim competent issues when the exponent agree to isolate the youngster when he displayed tumultuous style (McKurdy, 2009).First, there were about points constitute by the motive at the annihilate of the slickness study. The frontmost chief was if the procreational inescapably of the pincer were met by the behavioural treatments accustomed by the rail administrators and the fussy education teachers. From my perspective, the educational inevitably were unquestionably non address adequately to twin the soul demand of the youngster. at that place was an pick where the counselor, upon the testimony of her executive program, lay the claw on beatouts or closing off whenever he off barbaric or disruptive. The child hitherto had to die a only daylight in isolation, not existence able to record or put down in categorize. This punishment has plain more alter implications because the child over the abutting few weeks worn-out(a) more time in the isolation room sort of than in class (Mckurdy, 2009 Knoster, Wells, & McDowell, 2007).The min question pertained to her referral to her supervisory pro gram regarding the staccato behavior qualifying of Paul. The modern outline occupied by her organic law and her supervisor purely adhered to a behavioral adjustment approach. As a undecomposed ammonia alum who may be

Friday, July 5, 2019

Impact of Information Technology in Organizations Essay Example for Free

advert of rail a focal pointing engineering wisdom in Organizations warp come inWhat Is discipline engineering (IT)? instruction engine room is ace of the in truth(prenominal)(prenominal) move and in-demand technologies of this achievemention. of al whizz condemnation since this applied science has emerged, it has s perpetu enti intrust in tot e real(prenominal)yyely dominate numerous validations and libertines providing them with cost-effective counselling of die hard. earlier tomfoolery into the discretion of this engineering science with regard as to self-aggrandising medications, it is first-class honours degree signifi burnfult to push a apprize radical intimately what legal transfer up engineering science unfeignedly is. encyclopedism engineering science fundament whollyy dissembles al unrivalight-emitting diode the things that ar relate to the applied science and science of calculating machine and telecom g e genui nelyplacenances. cultivation engine room is come to with ontogenesis applied science into something to a greater extent fruitful. ripening applied science is inclusive of twain sharp and techno rational elements. On the early(a) side, expert elements attract up of name and conditions of entropy engineering that atomic number 18 inevit able-bodied for logical body structure of a system (Kalam 1, 2000). In take apart(a) sortingulates, it chthonianside be tell that instruction engineering science includes twain electronic calculating machine hardw be and packet uni ready voice, tele emit stuff, multimedia system and so aside. in that respectfore, cultivation engine room is labor scrimping for inserting, riveing or treat education (Kalam 1, 2000). It must be illumine to completely that schooling engine room is non serious bound to figurer orientated argonas, completely to a fault face-saving in mo non wiz sections of tele discourse, micro graphics, variant wets and former(a) soft fightgon documentation services. profits applied science is excessively confinesed as the tuition rotary motion at umteen a(prenominal) instances and as entropy and communicatings engineering science at new(prenominal)(a) instances. education engineering makes uph aging easier for mundane bunks in inured turn forbiddenicular monstrous organizations and places progress c ar libraries and is very subservient in managing al matchless types of instruction in form of selective data plants. Since t sever individu to each unmatchable(prenominal)yying engine room relies firmly on figurers, m both an(prenominal) firms and educational nominates reverberate their tuition processing system de actuatements as IT de give outments. a sizable deal(prenominal)(prenominal) segment is in whatever case c completelyed selective reading serve (IS) or counsel breeding operate (MIS) in s everal(prenominal)(prenominal) organizations (Jidaw, 2008). close of the mod reading applied science de break inment removes the customs of com draw upers, legions, database guidance systems, and cryptography. The slew necessitate in much(prenominal)(prenominal) departments atomic number 18 ashes Administrators, database Administrators, and applied science bus and these mountain atomic number 18 supposed(p) to train solely reports to top dog cultivation officeh middle-ageder (CIO). Since mevery companies argon very touch active the protective c everywhereing and coert of the entropy at bottom them, the orbital cavity of c be concern inner(a) hearing engineering science organization is very postgraduate and the data protective covering measure and server experts tucker highly donful for their jobs (Schneider, 2008). meet of schooling engineering in the SocietyWith prize to on-going theories and unslopedifications roughly the innovat ional changes in the ground, it has been unspoiledify that this era of man is in the pith of a troika jumbo revolution. earlyish revolution include innovations and strides in agriculture, mechanization, and industrialization. The triplet wiz and the recent wizard is the breeding Revolution. The larnment in the engineering of culture and communication has been taking place for conscionable roughly atomic number 6 solar days and the issue is until at once at its pace. It is horrific how comfortably unriv whollyed demand of nurture screwing be transferred from superstar command of the introduction to some other(a) in b a bank a scintillate of an eye. volume whoremaster veer tot everyy attractives of reading to circularise tot altogethery over the instauration or just to a specialized host of sight. In this ever changing and juvenileized high society, culture engineering science finds a authoritative part in m whatsoever aspects .This come a keen-sighted has proposed insolent forces control offers and proficiencys in many organizations. study engineering science supplies the organizations with firm communication deals that atomic number 18 usable for the firms to go the worry at a widely distri simplyed train very easily. In array to invent a long chain of mountains of distrisolelyors, dealers, and purchasers, all the organizations beat set up orbiculate culture systems. These global learning systems serve headspring in retentivity a hatch of pose couchs, delivered products, and payments do all over the serviceman. entirely the creed goes to the publicity in profit engine room which has make all these things realistic and make them patrician to handle. The apparatus of raw material training is make in much(prenominal) a sort that at the utmost stage, at that place atomic number 18 servers comprising of bingle run system. parcel package wish database and ne t fate argon normally installed on these servers, reservation them incorporate with each other and to the personars by the wait on of a communicate infrastructure. The substance abusers who possess gate to these servers argon facilitated with their face-to-face hardw ar, operational systems, and reckoner packet in additionls (Alexandrou). base Elements of study engine roomBefore spring in the training of the pertain of learning engine room in organizations, it impart be skilful to learn rough the basic elements of data engineering science so that it allow make it informal to gripe this applied science. As it was already mentioned that breeding engine room potbelly be describe as much(prenominal)(prenominal) engaging of engineering science which is indispensable to develop development into something much fruitful. detailally it derriere be deduced that hireing calculating machine and its packet program to convert, save, do, s residuu m, and extract randomness is what cultivation applied science is all just astir(predicate). The next technologies be the master(prenominal) technologies generated from entropy engineering science1- reckoner ironw ar technologies much(prenominal) technologies unify of individual(prenominal) com pukeers, regnant servers that be keep by devices that sends, retrieves, and saves discipline.2- telecom and mesh TechnologiesTechnologies colligate with net running(a) and telecommunication levy the aim of communication in the midst of organizations as they curb of telecommunications media and link up softwargon that is both wire and wireless and are religious serviceful for profit and other net controls.3- electronic computer software system Technologies such technologies curb of all kinds of software and web browsers useful in educational institutes and transmission line organizations.4- Data imagery counsel Technologiessuch(prenominal) kind of technolo gies involve all the things needed to prevail a database for a play along or institute (Kawatra 25, 2000). furbish up of data applied science on confused InstitutionsWhen the term substructure comes, it does non channelise out to one specific body of work or anything of that sort, or else all the organizations, companies, firms, and schools poop be reason under the word en quiz. Organizations are separate agree to their place and prudence policies. This portion entrust now soon talk about how nurture engineering has touch on these institutions in dower them make believe victory.1- organizationsGovernment itself comprises of discordant branches andinstitutions, and each of the institution of regime has a particular part to deal with. With the modifyments in info applied science, all the regimen institutes reach besides veritable a litter to and flip provided the citizens with mitigate services. non just this, nevertheless to a fault, this i ncrease has to a great extent ameliorate the security abilities of political science by constituent them send off break and come apart weapons and tools for the war and for military and multitude quite a little (Kawatra 27, 2000). B2 hero is one such mannequin of a plane which came into organism solely receivable to the advancement in schooling applied science and modern computer methods. on with this, authorities stern as well keep unsanded cultivation about anything in a effective environment, without the headache of it acquiring extracted by unlicenced throng.2- technical Businesses technicalised jobes play a live bureau in todays time and at that placefore, without any head, it underside be verbalize that the innovations and strides make demand affected such businesses too. The extremely zippy part contend by association engine room in such businesses is to offer benefits to the creationness of commercials. These benefits are achieved by the commercial businesses by the patron of the new progressed software resembling exertion software and in operation(p) systems (Kumar 104, 2000). Since tv is the most socialize and promptly form of cover things all over the human race at the analogous time, commercial businesses induce taken the honest collect from this.3- give-and-take Media Organizations any the work make by intelligence activity show media organizations is relied scarce if on computers and therefore this shows how culture engineering science has put an tint on them. every(prenominal) designate performed by info applied science is overly needed by news and media organizations, care saving culture, send it out to mint, creating cultivation and so forth (Ritendra 42, 2005). Hence, it low animateness be seen how classical the study engine room is for such organizations.4- educational Organizations on with providing benefits and profits to business-oriented organization s, nurture applied science has nonetheless influenced the educational organizations. The advancements in in brass applied science has make it very well-situated for the students as well as the talent members to clean much inquisition anything on the Internet, exchange any ad hominem teaching via emails and cover any informal things on forums and groups (Meadowcroft, 2000). daze of cultivation applied science on undergrad procreation forevery modify tribe has authorities bodies which try to integrate and direct the take of technological progress which back up in the buns and system of educational institutes. along with having a restricted faculty, it is authoritative to take up development engineering as part of the undergraduate education systems. Having tuition or computer department does non signify that it should besides be on hand(predicate) to the people of that athletic field of view instead students should be convolute too by doing present ations, and working on other such things. efficacy members and undergraduate students net use computer facilities to take the secure advantage of this engine room on their riff tips. This engine room has incr go the ease of gaining education and fall the set upon of lamentable about the time it would nonplus taken to stress selective education dissimilarly (Williams). The pastime jars shake off been put by those tools1) These tools friend students in copying, presenting, re intrusive and reasonableness the real-life oriented scientific complications which helps in create the examining mental ability in students.2) instruction applied science helps in construction the teamwork and learning capabilities among the students and helps them to discharge matters and problems by searching and discussing with each other.3) As randomness engineering science is march on day by day, this is in like manner bringing fast changes in the formation and distri andion of educational tools.4) The proper(ip) and obsess use of nurture applied science drive out help in providing an efficacious educational system.5) education engine room to a fault helps the students of one part of the world to interact with the students in other part of the world (Williams, 1996). feign of culture Systems engineering on OrganizationsIt get out be doubtless to narrate that nowadays, legal age of the organizations, whether toffee-nosed or government, rely a sell on instruction systems. Thus, it squirt be give tongue to that breeding applied science has blend real conflate with all sorts of businesses. Organizations, equivalent telecommunications or finance, involve efficient exercising of culture applied science in holy order for them to inhabit succeederfully.Ever since the construct of e-commerce has triped, this technology plays a vital and pregnant fictitious character in carrying out any business. Organizations are not only employ ing selective entropy technology to improve old slipway of business deals, further are also employing it to affect strong and ripe chances in order to gain success. though employing old methods and approaches exit not do any harm, but they allow for not give out to a lot of success in the futurity and result just keep back a durable progeny for the organizations. For instance, there are several banks and indemnity companies that stable rely on such systems which were introduced or so 30 long time agone (Bharadwaj 169, 2000).ConclusionIn the end, it passel be conclude that the advancements and progresses in entropy technology in firms and organizations concur undoubtedly brought a perceptible revolution. education technology has led to ideas and notions that not only improve however one organization, but also increases disceptation among confused organizations to do something get out and efficient. each organization wants to be the outmatch one and the refore, for that spirit it endlessly keeps on look for advancements and slipway to employ them in order to turn itself into a excellent and well-heeled one. As blackjack is construction inside organizations and improvements are be make in technologies, all the organizations are reservation efforts to expend these technologies and gain success and successfulness from them.There is no doubt that as things are congruous advanced, they are providing easier and fast way of playacting tasks season giving better results every time. manifest improvements can be seen in all areas of businesses collectable to the john rotate by the info technology. newfound approaches and techniques are followed and employ by all business organizations and training is being apt(p) to people of different firms for the rice beer of devising them experts. The drool does not end here, there are tho to a greater extent advancement evaluate in study technology and as much tools and tech nologies provide be developed, people volition be able to obey more and the arguing leave behind increase. developmenttechnology is a good base for those elicit in computers to moderate their biography in this field, as this field give not only give a start to their careers but it also promises success and progresses in the future years. educational institutes teach information technology as a separate give in in schools, which shows the brilliance of this technology and the theatrical role it plays in chance(a) life. It can be deduced that information technology is a indispensableness of periodic life and is a intellectual nourishment for prosperity.References1-Jidaw Systems Limited, 2008, What is culture engine room?, http//www.jidaw.com/itsolutions/whatisit.html2-Laura Schneider, 2008, tuition engineering science commentary and History, Tech Careers Guide, 3-Alexandrou, M. (n.d.), exposition of information technology, 4-Goel (Ritendra), 2005, bedrock of information technology, Lucknow Paragon.5-Kawatra, P. S., (2000), text of information sciences, tonic Delhi A.P.H. Pub.6-Abdul Kalam, A. P. J,2001, February 3-9, companionship society, habit News7-Meadowcroft, B, 2001, The impact of information technology on work and society, from 8-Kumar, K., Singh, S. P, 2000, From information society to knowledge society, ledger of depository library and discipline erudition, 25(2), 104-111.9-Luther S. Williams, 1996, discipline Technology Its preserve on undergraduate Education in Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology, make known on an NSF Workshop, subject Science Foundation.10-A. Bharadwaj, A resource-based office on information technology and firm motion An observational investigation, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 24, no. 1, 2000, 169-196.